Authors: Safaa I. Shattla, Sohair M. Mabrouk, and Gehan A. Abed
Published: June 2019 in the International Journal of Nursing

Faculties Involved: The study was conducted by the Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department at Menofia University, Egypt.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Laughter Yoga Therapy in reducing job burnout among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals.

Study Location and Timeframe: The research was carried out at the Psychiatric Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Hospital in Menofia Governorate, Egypt, between May and July 2017.

Nurses face immense responsibilities and frequently encounter stressful situations, making them more susceptible to tension, stress, and burnout than other healthcare professionals. Unfortunately, burnout is particularly prevalent among psychiatric nurses, who face a uniquely challenging work environment. This environment often includes locked wards, patient disagreements, and the risk of both physical and mental harm from aggressive patients, leading to the need for patient restraint to ensure safety.

Burnout, a condition marked by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal competence, arises from prolonged exposure to job-related stress. It manifests through cynicism, inefficacy, and exhaustion. When there's a mismatch between the job demands and the individual's capabilities, burnout becomes increasingly likely, with small stressors accumulating over time to result in this condition.

Methodology:

Participants: The study involved 64 psychiatric nurses (42 females and 22 males), who were divided into two groups—an experimental group and a control group.

Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used, with pre-tests and post-tests conducted on both groups.

Intervention: The experimental group participated in Laughter Yoga sessions, which included activities like clapping, deep breathing, and various laughter exercises over a period of three months.

Tools Used:

Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS): A survey tool used to measure levels of burnout, focusing on emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment.

Laughter Yoga Perception Survey: Assessed the nurses' attitudes towards Laughter Yoga.

Results: The study found that Laughter Yoga Therapy significantly reduced burnout levels in the experimental group compared to the control group. This was evident in reduced scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and improved personal accomplishment.

Conclusion: Laughter Yoga Therapy had a positive impact on reducing burnout among psychiatric nurses. The researchers recommended that this therapy be integrated into nursing practice to help manage stress and improve mental well-being.

More about Burnouts
Causes of Burnout:

• Work Overload: Excessive workload or prolonged periods of high stress.
• Lack of Control: Feeling powerless over work or life situations.
• Unclear Expectations: Uncertainty about job roles or lack of feedback.
• Work-Life Imbalance: Inadequate time for rest, personal life, or hobbies.
• Lack of Social Support: Isolation or strained relationships at work or home.
• Value Mismatch: When personal values conflict with job demands.

Short-Term Effects on Body and Mind:

• Physical Symptoms: Fatigue, headaches, muscle tension, and digestive issues.
• Emotional Exhaustion: Feeling drained, overwhelmed, or unable to cope.
• Cognitive Decline: Difficulty concentrating, memory lapses, and decreased decision-making ability.
• Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia or poor-quality sleep.
• Mood Changes: Irritability, anxiety, and a sense of dread about work.

Long-Term Effects on Body and Mind:

• Chronic Health Issues: Increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and weakened immune system.
• Mental Health Decline: Higher susceptibility to depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse.
• Persistent Fatigue: Constant tiredness that doesn't improve with rest.
• Detachment and Cynicism: Growing apathy towards work and personal life, leading to decreased productivity and satisfaction.
• Burnout Syndrome: A state of complete mental, physical, and emotional exhaustion that can lead to serious health complications if untreated.